If informants, or undercover officer deployments, are considered an important method for collecting intelligence and evidence, why does its use, since the enactment of the UK Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000, appear to be in decline? What can be done by public authorities to increase its use? Be critical of sources you use and challenge.
Canada/UK spelling
Please use sources from UK, Europe, Canada, USA and please use books more than journals.
ASSIGNMENT TIPS
When do students score the highest marks in their assignments?
The highest assignment scores are awarded to students who submit work that includes
significant evidence of critical analysis of the material utilised. Its worth emphasizing the
importance that all students adopt a critical thinking and assessment approach to their
work. So, what does critical thinking mean in practice? Here are some pointers.
1. Be critical of the sources of material you use. Are they from official sources? Have
they been redacted? What do they not cover?
2. Question what you read. Who is the author? What might be their motivation to write
this article? Does the publishing organisation or individual have an agenda? For
example, is the article balanced or is it selective with the material it chooses to
include?
3. Do not necessarily agree with it simply because its published. Publication of a
document does not necessarily bestow credibility. Is the article in the journal peer
reviewed?
4. Look for reasons why we should not accept things as being correct or true i.e.
disinformation? State propaganda? Are the recommendations based on primary data
or is it based on opinion or anecdote? Is the writing driven by political ideology?
5. Identify a problem with the writers methodology? Lack of primary data? Too few
auditable references? Is the author making assumptions / assertions without evidence
/ referencing? Has the work been subject to peer review before publication in an
academic journals or open source account? Has the writer been restricted in the
material they can use because of security or classifications?
6. Examine the profile and rationale of the writer. What is their career background? Are
they likely to have the access and exposure to what they say they did? When did they
have this exposure to this operational activity? i.e. pre RIPA 2000 or before current
organisational structures?
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7. Challenge your own assumptions on long held positions. Is there an alternative
perspective? What solid evidence underpins your view? Is your view based on a one
off experience? How substantive is this evidence i.e. primary quantitative and
qualitative data or based on anecdotes?
Constructive criticism goes beyond this by suggesting ways in which a piece of research or
writing could be improved further being against is not enough
****See attached document for notes and suggested reference books/journals*****You can use others but try to incorp some of the attached books.
Some reasons for decline are: a)increase in managerialism, b) increase in risk adversity, C) availability of new collection, d) enhanced bureaucracy, e) RIPA states you can only undertake covert activity thats in accordance with the law whereas prior wasn’t as formal.
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