Chronic kidney disease

According to the National Kidney Foundation, 26 million adults in the United States have chronic kidney disease with millions of others at risk (National Kidney Foundation, 2012). Over time, this disorder will become progressively worse, and patients will eventually experience a loss of renal function. Early detection and prevention is key for patients with this disorder. For this reason, it is important for you, as the provider, to be aware of various signs, symptoms, and risk factors of chronic kidney disease. In this Assignment, you explore the disorder including the role that patient history, physical exams, and diagnostics play in diagnosis and treatment.
To prepare:
• Review Chapter 149 in Part 13 of the Buttaro et al. text in this week’s Learning Resources. Reflect on the clinical presentation of chronic kidney disease.
• Think about how you might diagnose a patient with chronic kidney disease. Consider the role that patient history, physical exams, and diagnostics play in diagnosis.
• Reflect on potential treatment options for chronic kidney disease including the implications of prescribed drugs.
• Consider the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior. Think about how these factors might impact the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.
To complete:
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
• Describe the clinical presentation of chronic kidney disease.
• Explain how you might diagnose a patient with chronic kidney disease including the role that
• patient history, physical exams, and diagnostics play in diagnosis.
• Explain implications of potential treatment options for this disease including prescribed drugs.
• Describe how patient factors might impact the diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Readings
• Buttaro, T. M., Trybulski, J., Polgar Bailey, P., & Sandberg-Cook, J. (2013). Primary care: A collaborative practice (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
o Part 13, “Evaluation and Management of Genitourinary Disorders” (For review pp. 723–793)

This part explores the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of genitourinary disorders, including incontinence and prostate disorders. It also provides a differential diagnosis for genitourinary disorders.
o Part 17, “Evaluation and Management of Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders”
? Chapter 207, “Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia” (pp. 1090–1095)

This chapter explains complications caused by a deficiency and excess of serum calcium levels. Treatment options for hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia are also presented.
? Chapter 208, “Hypernatremia and Hyponatremia” (pp. 1095–1101)

This chapter explores patient factors that impact hypernatremia and hyponatremia and examines treatment options for patients.
o Part 21, “Evaluation and Management of Oncologic Disorders”
? Chapter 241, “Oncology Complications and Paraneoplastic Syndromes” (pp. 1303–1308)

This chapter describes various electrolyte disorders affecting cancer patients. It also examines side effects of cancer treatment that cause electrolyte disorders in patients.
• Adams, D., de Jonge, R., van der Cammen, T., Zietse, R., & Hoorn, E. J. (2011). Acute kidney injury in patients presenting with hyponatremia. Journal of Nephrology, 24(6), 749–755.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
• This article examines the correlation between acute kidney injury and hyponatremia. It also analyzes the effects of both disorders on patients.
• Assadi, F. (2010). Hypomagnesemia: An evidence-based approach to clinical cases. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases, 4(1), 13–19.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores the clinical presentation of and treatment options for hypomagnesemia. Patient case studies are also presented
• Drugs.com. (n.d.). Retrieved November 28, 2012, from www.drugs.com
• Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (n.d.). Retrieved November 28, 2012, from http://www.ismp.org/
• National Kidney Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved November 28, 2012, fromhttp://www.kidney.org/index.cfm
• WebMD. (2012). Medscape. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/

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