HIV/AIDS AND GLOBAL HEALTH
BY
BERACA FORTUNE
HIV Vs AIDS
HIV definition
AIDS definition
Who has risk?
Heterosexual
Homosexual
Babies or breastfeeding babies who born from infected mother
Drug users
Youth
Ethnic and racial groups
United States
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized among homosexual men in the United States in 1981
While initially limited, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has literally exploded over the past three decades to become the worst epidemic of the twentieth century
Epidemic?
More than 35 million fatalities, the AIDS epidemic now ranks alongside the influenza pandemic of the early 1900s and the Bubonic plague of the fourteenth century in terms of fatalities
Since 1990 to 2005 have being an increase of 10 million cases every 5 year; furthermore, in 2005 it reach 3 million death from AIDS itself
Statistic of epidemic
As of December 2011, 34 million people were estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS, and more than 35 million had died since the beginning of the epidemic.
23.5 million were living in sub-Saharan Africa alone, where the adult prevalence rate is 4.9 percent; More than half of those living with HIV/AIDS are women leading to high rate of orphaned (25 million children)
The world
Sub-Saharan Africa
Europe –
Asia
Epidemic
Statistic
Map
Modes Of transmission
Sexual transmission, including via heterosexual and homosexual contact
Parenteral transmission, predominantly among injection drug users (IDU)
Perinatal transmission
Risk is higher for babies who are breastfed for several months and are not on ARVs
THERE IS NO VACCINE
Prevention
Abstinences
Persons ages 1364 should be tested.
Pregnant women.
Persons at higher risk should b e tested frequently. (ex: Health care workers, )
Men who have unprotected sex with other men.
Who share needles or piercing equipment.
Who have unprotected sex with several partners.
Who have a sexually transmitted disease (STD).
Who have unprotected sex with a person infected with HIV.
Who have unprotected sex with a person whose HIV status they do not know.
Who have been exposed to the blood, semen, vaginal secretions and/or breast milk of someone who may be infected with HIV.
Anti viral drugs
What Antiviral drugs can slow down the progression if HIV infection, suppress the lesion caused by herpes virus, and make influenza infection less severe, for example, triple, complera, compivir ect
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) Is use to keep the viral count low and stop the progression of symptoms. PEP consists of a triple combination of anti-HIV drugs.the recommended combination is Truvada and Kalet. Truvada is a combination pill consisting of tenofovir (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC). Kaletra is a combination of lopinavir and ritonavir. The drugs should be taken as prescribed for 28 days.
OUTREACH ART
The “3 by 5” initiative, launched by UNAIDS and WHO in 2003, was a global strategy to provide antiretroviral therapy to three million people living with HIV/AIDS in 50 developing countries by the end of 2005. By December 2005, 18 countries had meet their 3 by 5
This program was subsequently replaced by The Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria as well as bilateral support like the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).
Educate, Teach and reach.
Living with HIV and the developing syndrome of AIDS only can slow down the epidemic by Teaching the public the importance of protection, medication regimen, and knowledge regarding the disease process. We as nurses can be the advocated and instructors of his easily acquired illness.
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