Begin perusing the scientific literature to get a sense of what is known about the topic and at what level researchers and scholars tend to focus on. Searching the internet may also help you learn a bit more about your topic, but be careful to stick to reputable sources of information. While it is okay to reference in your project information you find from non-peer-reviewed reputable sources, at least three peer-reviewed sources of information must be mentioned.
As you begin digging through the literature, you will begin to see the more detailed information researchers currently know or theorize about the topic. This will help you narrow down your project topic. Eventually, see if you can settle on a research question as the focus of your project or a thesis statement. Both are great ways to establish purpose and focus.
How narrow your topic will end up being really depends on what is known in the literature about the topic. Some topics have been more thoroughly researched than others. I am not too concerned with the narrowness that you settle on as long as the information you provide is organized, informative, and includes your own ideas and synthesis of the information you have found.
Whether you settle on writing a paper or recording a video or podcast, your project will need to include an introduction, a conclusion, organized content, and a list of references that have been cited within the project. While most of the resources below specifically refer to papers, the information equally applies to how you organize a podcast or a video.
Introduction: Make sure the first paragraph or couple of paragraphs clearly indicates the purpose of the project and what will be discussed.
Introductions
Pay particular attention to #3 and #4. I am most interested in your introduction making clear the purpose of the project and what will be discussed. Making it attention-grabbing is icing on the cake.
Content Organization/ Paragraph Structure: The key to an organized paper or presentation is well-structured paragraphs. Make sure each paragraph focuses on a single main idea and that the main idea is made clear in the first sentence. Next, organize your paragraphs so that one logically flows from the next.
In every project I grade, I pay particular attention to the first sentence of a paragraph to check whether or not it properly identifies the content of the rest of the paragraph. If a new idea is brought up later in the paragraph that is different from what is mentioned in the first sentence, that is an indication of poor organization. Be sure to use this test to check your own project before submitting it.
Paragraph Structure
Conclusion: Your conclusion should be the last paragraph or last couple of paragraphs. It should not introduce new information unless that information is ancillary and merely being provided to lend support to the concluding statements. Use the conclusion to summarize the main points discussed in the project (although do avoid repeating yourself) and to synthesize those main points into a parting message. The conclusion basically refers to the purpose of the project mentioned in the introduction in light of what has transpired over the course of the paper or recording.
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