Two essays each one page.
Read the following article and answer the following question:
The Concept and Practice of Jihad in Islam, Michael G. Knapp, Parameters: United States Army War College Quarterly (Spring 2003), v.33 no.1, Pages 82-93.
https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=1867
“This requirement to continue jihad until all of the world is included in the territory of Islam does not imply that Muslims must wage nonstop warfare, however. Although there was no mechanism for recognizing a non-Muslim government as legitimate, jurists allowed for the negotiation of truces and peace treaties of limited duration.” (p. 83).
Does the author’s first underlined statement make sense in view of the sentence that follows it, the second underlined sentence? Does the second sentence set up an effective or functional framework for handling affairs of state?
Read the following article and answer the following question:
Jihad Ideology in Light of Contemporary Fatwas, Shmuel Bar, Hudson Institute, 2006-08, Center on Islam, Democracy and Future of the Muslim World, 15 pages.
https://www.hudson.org/content/researchattachments/attachment/1382/20060906_s_bar_jihad.pdf
The author says, on p. 3, (continuation of previous page), Fatwas have played a pivotal role in politics since the early days of Islam. Muslim regimes have used them to legitimize their policies, to bolster their Islamic credentials against domestic opponents and to mobilize support for jihad against foreign enemies. Some of these fatwas are bona fide questions posed by devout Muslims, confused by the apparent contradiction between the legal reasoning of the clerics who call for jihad and the conventional morality of modern society, not to mention their own natural scruples.”
When he writes, “not to mention their own natural scruples,” does he reveal a Western bias or perspective? What if their own natural scruples are different than his? Can this bias/perspective ever be eliminated?
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