Assignment:Background:The World Bank has estimated that the blue economy contributes about US$ 1.5 trillion per annum (3 per cent of global GDP) and creates approximately 350 million jobs in fishing, aquaculture, coastal and marine tourism as well as research activities. Yet, with the 4th era of industrialization and now with COVID19, jobs and changes are going to happen at speed and scale, many jobs will be made redundant, skills will need upgrading and countries will need to adapt.Furthermore, the global oceans agenda are in trouble especially for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Many issues are on the rise, for example plastics and pollution, climate change (acidification, dead zones, erosion, storm surges, coral bleaching, etc.), over-exploitation of resources (such as Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing), erratic/poor planning and development on the coasts. These impact not only the health of the oceans but also the economy upon which countries depend on.The African SIDS countries (Mauritius and Guinea Bissau). Overall, you will need to write a paper which describes, analyses and evaluates whether the 2 countries (Mauritius and Guinea Bissau) have been able to make progress on the sustainable blue economy agenda so far, what challenges they still face and what lessons they can draw from other countries. Specifically: Identify and explore 3 successful policies and strategies that each of the two countries chosen used to upgrade the key sectors of the Blue Economy. What were their impacts and achievements ?What are the top 3 most pressing challenges (binding constraints) facing the development of the Blue Economy in the 2 countries you chose? Are there ways and means of strengthening the capacity of the private and public stakeholders in African SIDS to overcome them?Provide 5 examples of tools and best-practices across the world that have been used and tested in addressing 2-3 of the above-mentioned issues sustainably and forcefully.Examine the state, actual or potential development implications/ impacts of fish license agreements in these two countries.Are there any successful lessons and best practice / learning / South-South exchange which you can draw from other developing countries that can be replicated and scaled up in the two countries you chose so as to help these two countries tap into the potential of their blue economy, create jobs and build long term sustainability ? Give and elaborate on 3 concrete examples.What types of innovations, break-throughs, creative solutions on the development of the blue economy do you observe are coming up? Analyze which ones can be game-changers for the development of sustainable blue economies in the two countries you chose. I attached an article which may help.
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