ead: The Cancer Tree by Jeffery P. Townsend in Scientific American, April 2018, Vol. 318, Issue 4. This paper documents important uses of tree-thinking that we discussed at the beginning of class to understanding metastatic cancer.
Please address the following:
1) Describe the state of knowledge (prior to 2010) about tumorigenesis and metastasis; what factors began to initiate a change around 2010?
2) Explain what researchers found about the tree branches originating from the primary tumor; what did this information tell researchers about the development time of cancer cells?
3) Explain why the cancer researchers are seeing hope in the potential of targeting cancer cells based on their findings from 2010 and after.
4) What was different and tricky about applying techniques from evolutionary biology to constructing tumor trees in cancer research?
5) Discuss when the first mutation which can be genetically distinguished from normal tissue relative to the diagnosis of cancer.
6) Using one example from this paper, describe how the phenomenon of regrowth may evolve in cancer development; what is one suggested strategy to be used in the approach to treatment
For full credit, please be sure your paper thoroughly addresses the points listed below and uses details from the paper to support your points.
Please submit:
1) Limit your paper to no more than approximately 1,000 words and use 12 pt font.
2) Please submit a separate References file with your paper, citing any sources you have used in your work.
You will be graded on your thoroughness, logic, and grammar/paper construction- see syllabus and module 1 information on Short Paper Assignments. Remember –do NOT use direct quotes; instead, paraphrase (use your own words) and cite/reference the original author.
Plagiarism (copying and pasting information from the paper or other sources, and rearrangement of sentences and words to make them appear as though they are your sentences) will warrant an F or zero. Each paper will be checked by the D2L “originality” check — papers with higher than 15% originality score will be not be graded.
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