Theories and models of human behavior stem from all disciplines of the social sciences and most successful public health programs and initiatives are based on an understanding of health behaviors and developing interventions for them. Behavior change models and theories are important because they can assist in explaining why individuals do, or do not, engage in health interventions. When looking at the issue of substance abuse disorder in soccer players as a result of their lifestyle and drug-induced addictions, one of the most difficult things about developing an intervention for the disease is the fact that relapse can often occur if the athlete is not provided with the right strategies and interventions to prevent further relapse from the disease. I believe the two behavior change theories or models that I could use to support or inform the capstone project Im doing are the Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change and the Social Ecological Model.
The Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change is a model that can be used both to help understand why people at high-risk for diseases such as Substance Abuse Disorder might not be ready to attempt behavioral change and want to improve the success of health through counseling (Morris, Marzano, Dandy, & OBrien, 2012). It is a model based on the sequence of Precontemplation where an individual is unaware of the problem they have and have no intention to change their behavior in foreseeable future; Contemplation in which the individual finally becomes aware of the problem they have and then seriously consider a change in their behavior; Preparation in which the individual prepares themselves and intend to take actions for their health problems; Action and Maintenance in which the individual modifies their behavior, experiences and/or the environment in order to overcome the problem, and then works to prevent relapse and consolidate gains. The Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change is appropriate for this issue because it is the model that is needed to effectively explain why athletes with substance abuse disorder are often in denial at first, but eventually come around to get treatment, even though some may end up relapsing again (Morris, Marzano, Dandy, & OBrien, 2012).
The Social-Ecological Model, on the other hand, is a model that focuses on understanding the factors that affect behavior and provide guidance for developing successful programs through social environments. The model emphasizes multiple levels of influence such as the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels and focuses on the idea that behaviors of people both shape and are shaped by the social environment (Glanz, 2017). This theory is most appropriate for your health issue because the theory allows health professionals to understand the range of factors that put athletes at risk for having substance abuse disorder while at the same time, find ways to protect athletes from experiencing substance abuse disorder as well.
References
Glanz, K. (2017). Social and behavioral theories. Retrieved from https://obssr.od.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Social-and-Behavioral-Theories.pdf
Morris, J., Marzano, M., Dandy, N. & OBrien, L. (2012). Forestry, sustainable behaviors and behavior change: Theories. Retrieved from file:///Users/dejiodulaja/Downloads/behaviour_review_theory.pdf
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