Must include in text references/provide pinkie for references
Reflect on the readings provided below DUGARD and discuss it in South African and Indian context
TOPIC:Right to sanitation In the global south
provide broad perspectives encompassing their economic, social and environmental dimensions.
QUESTIONS
analyse the issues concerning sanitation and hygiene, specifically in South Africa and India .
Discuss this from a broad perspective encompassing their economic, social and environmental dimensions.
What are the health impacts of poor sanitation and hygiene
Identification of discrimination and inequities in the right to sanitation in South Africa and India.
(.Discrimintion toward certain groups: Gender,
2.Race/ethnicity/ religion, national origin, caste, birth, language,nationality
3. Property, tenure, residence, economic and social status. )
Failed urban sanitation interventions eg
eg open view toilets of SA
Focus on building high quantity of toilets
Why couldnt it be different?
Outside of budgetary constraints and
Issue of racial discrimination, poor communities, problematic due to stated biases
Lack of privacy, safety communal wellbeing
Some overlooked aspects;
Different approach had the solution been presented from a localised perspective eg size mono SA urban planning
What are the effects of inadequate sanitation on a community? Sewerage? Disease? Flying toilets?open defecation? poor mental health? Menstrual hygiene ?
disabled ? Food security?
How sanitation plays a role in protecting women and children from sexual violence in South Africa
Discuss Physical health costs and lost productivity and wages..
Ethnic discrimination in sanitation,
What factors are driving the urban sanitation crisis in Africa
Are there any strategies to modernise and reconcile the quality of developments next to SEZ which tend to grow informal settlements?
Mainstreaming equity
MATERIAL TO REFERENCE
Please Use definitions of sanitation by : W.H.O, UNICEF,
Key material to use/ readings:
* Jackie Dugard, Sanitation in South Africa: Policy, Practice and Contestation, in P. Cullet, L. Bhullar & S. Koonan eds, The Right to Sanitation in India Critical Perspectives 47-74 (Oxford University Press, 2019).
The Human Right to Sanitation
* United Nations General Assembly Resolution 72/178, The Human Rights to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation, UN Doc. A/RES/72/178 (2017).
* Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Statement on the Right to Sanitation, UN Doc E/C.12/2010/1 (2010).
* Catarina de Albuquerque, Sanitation The Last Taboo Becomes a Human Right, in P. Cullet, L. Bhullar & S. Koonan eds, Right to Sanitation in India Critical Perspectives 13-46 (Oxford University Press, 2019).
* K. Ellis & L. Feris, The Right to Sanitation: Time to Delink from the Right to Water, 36/3 Human Rights Quarterly 607-29 (2014). [SOAS online]
* Gordon McGranahan, Realizing the Right to Sanitation in Deprived Urban Communities: Meeting the Challenges of Collective Action, Coproduction, Affordability, and Housing Tenure, 68 World Development 242-53 (2015).
South Africa
* Ntombensha Beja and Others v Premier of the Western Cape and Others, Western Cape High Court, Cape Town, Case No: 21332/10, 29 April 2011.
* David Bilchitz, Is the Constitutional Court Wasting Away the Rights of the Poor? Nokotyana v Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, 127/4 South African Law Journal 591-604 (2010).
* Patrick Bond, Class, Race, Space and the Right to Sanitation: The Limits of Neoliberal Toilet Technologies in Durban, South Africa, in Farhana Sultana & Alex Loftus eds, Water Politics Governance, Justice and the Right to Water 189-202 (London: Routledge, 2020).
* Serges Djoyou Kamga, The Right to Basic Sanitation: A Human Right in Need of Constitutional Guarantee in Africa, 29 South African Journal of Human Rights 615-650 (2013).
*
India
* Philippe Cullet, The Right to Sanitation Multiple Dimensions and Challenges, in P. Cullet, L. Bhullar & S. Koonan eds, Right to Sanitation in India Critical Perspectives 75-110 (Oxford University Press, 2019).
* Anand Teltumbde, No Swachh Bharat without Annihilation of Caste, 49/ 45 Econ. & Pol. Wkly 11-12 (8 November 2014).
SANITATION AND EXCLUSION
* Constitution of India, Article 17.
* Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013.
* Safai Karamchari Andolan and Others v Union of India and Others Writ Petition (Civil) No 583 of 2003, Supreme Court of India, Judgment of 27 March 2014.
*
* Shomona Khanna, Invisible Inequalities: an Analysis of the Safai Karamchari Andolan Case, in P. Cullet, L. Bhullar & S. Koonan eds, The Right to Sanitation in India Critical Perspectives 299-345 (Oxford University Press, 2019).
* Samuel Sathyaseelan, Neglect of Sewage Workers: Concerns About the New Act, 48/49 Economic & Political Weekly 33 (7 December 2013).
UN journals
Use the order calculator below and get started! Contact our live support team for any assistance or inquiry.
[order_calculator]