Leviathan, all of chapters 14 17
Briefly answer the following questions in your own words (unless directed differently).
Chapter XIV
1. What is Hobbess definition of liberty?
2. What is the right of nature?
3. Rephrase the followingHobbes first law of naturein your own words: Every man, ought to endeavor peace, as far as he has hope of obtaining it; and when he cannot obtain it, that he may seek and use, all helps, as advantages of war. (p. 80)
4. What is Hobbess second law of nature?
5. Why is a covenant that is entered into out of fear obligatory?
6. Why cant I covenant to trade away my right to defend myself?
7. Does an oath add to obligation? Why or why not?
Chapter XV
8. What are Hobbess definitions of justice and injustice?
9. What is the fools objection to Hobbes?
10. Explain two of Hobbess responses to the fools objection
11. After going through nineteen laws of nature, Hobbess suggests that they can be easily summed up in one basic rule. 12. What is that rule (in your own words)?
13. Hobbes says the laws of nature are obligatory. And he says they oblige in conscience always, but oblige in effect only in civil society. Explain this distinction and his reason supporting this claim.
14. What is moral philosophy according to Hobbes?
Chapter VI
15. What is an author? What is authority?
16. What gives unity to a multitude of people?
Chapter XVII
17. What is the aim of a commonwealth?
18. How do we create a commonwealth according to Hobbes?
19. Write out Hobbess own words for his definition of the essence of a commonwealth.
20. What are Hobbess definitions of sovereign and subject?
21. What is the difference between commonwealth by institution and commonwealth by acquisition?
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