Essay question: Research and critically discuss the impact of globalisation on work and employment.
Structure
You essay should contain an introduction, main body, conclusion and a reference list.
Introduction
A short introduction stating the goal of the paper and how it is organized helps the
reader to understand and follow your argument. It will also help you to stick to the
point and maintain an organized approach. In introduction, explain the structure of the
essay, e.g. how you intend to address the essay question in the body of your essay. Do
not go off into page-long descriptions of various theories without explaining how you
propose to use these to answer the essay question or to prove a particular point.
Main Body
Be sure to address and answer the question. Start by providing the literature and key
debates related to the essay question. I recommend that you go outside of the course
readings for additional insight. Both theoretical and empirical work should be cited to
support your argument. Use your time, effort and space effectively to argue your case.
Ask yourself when writing, “Is this necessary to support my answer?” Long lists of
every single aspect of a theory are of no use unless they have relevance to the
question at hand. Remember to address both sides of the issue. If the essay question
asks you to “critically evaluate” a given statement, don’t just provide evidence for
why this statement might be true. Explore reasons why it may be false. At the end,
weigh up the evidence and come down on either one side or the other (or explain why
you might prefer to sit on the fence).
In this section, be careful about:
• Definition of terms: Be sure to define terms so the reader knows what you
mean when you use them. Even if there are many available definitions, pick
one to use for your essay. You might choose to include your definitions in
your introduction.
• Continuity: Link one paragraph to the next. E.g., if you’re switching from
discussing one theory or idea to explaining another one, make it obvious how
one relates to the other or how you plan to link the two later in your paper.
Conclusion
The conclusion should contain a summary of your case with references back to your
strongest points. Again, the answer to your question should be clearly stated. Your
conclusion should not contain any new information, theories or arguments. �
Citations
All statements of fact or empirical findings must be supported by cites inserted in the
text. Ask yourself, “Who says so, or how do I know this?” For instance, if you write,
“Taylorist principle of direct surveillance is the most effective way of controlling the
labour process in some sectors”, make sure to show that you are not making this
evidence up yourself. Cite the author(s) whose study provided the evidence by
following the sentence with parentheses containing the author’s name and the date of
the publication, e.g. (Adams, 2010). You might also wish to give a brief description of
the study in question and its findings. Include the page number of the original
document if you are using a direct quote from the author, e.g. (Adams, 2010, p. 17).
All of these cites should then be listed in the Reference List. Any author cited in-text
must be included in the References, unless you state in the citation that you got the
information from a cite in another author’s article: e.g., (Jones, 1981, cited in Adams,
2010). In this case, only Adams (2010) need to be included in the References.
References
The reference list should be on a separate page at the end of the essay. Use single
spacing and separate each reference with a blank space. Please use the Harvard
system of citation and referencing:
Examples of how to reference:
1. A journal article:
Thompson, J.K. & Rehder, B.R. (1996). The Gap Between the Vision and the Reality.
Journal of General Management, 21(3), 74-92.
2. A chapter in a book:
Adair, J. (1994). Leadership and Motivation. In Stewart, D.M. (ed.) Handbook of
Management, pp. 25-37. Aldershot: Gower.
Lewis, B.R. (1995). Customer Care in Services. In Glynn, W.J. & Barnes, J.G. (eds.)
Understanding Services Management, pp. 255-237. Dublin: Oak Tree Press.
3. A whole book:
Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2000). Research Methods for Business
Students. London: Prentice Hall.
Do not include any references to materials that have not been cited in the text of your
essay. If you read the article or book but did not cite it within your essay, it should not
be listed in References.�
Assessment criteria
Your essay needs to
(1) Display knowledge and understanding of the issues and debates concerning
the essay question;
(2) Bring together and critically evaluate material in forwarding your argument,
assessing competing interpretations, rather than just providing description or
simply repeating the literature:
Ask yourself:
• Can you draw links between related concepts and theories?
• Is the essay balanced?
• Have you used relevant, good quality sources?
• Is the literature used well and appropriately to answer the question?
• Have you assessed different perspectives critically?
(3) Integrate and reflect on in-class learning and independent study and research
into the coursework,
Ask yourself:
• Have you demonstrated learning from lectures, seminars/set reading, and
additional reading?
(4) presents a well-structured and developed argument responding to the essay
question, observing the academic standards of grammar, spelling and
referencing.
Ask yourself:
• Is the essay well structured (introduction, body, conclusions)?
• Are citations and references correctly used?
• Is the essay free of grammar and spelling errors?
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